【near】的翻译、意思

时间: 2024-12-30 02:38:30

【near】怎么读

美：[nɪr]

英：[nɪə]

【near】是什么意思、字义解释

1. adj. 近的；亲近的；近似的

2. adv. 近；接近

3. prep. 靠近；近似于

【near】等级考试

CET4   TEM4   ( nearing, neared, nearer, nears, nearest )

【near】的详细解释

英文单词学*与分析：[near]

1. 基本定义：

  • 字面意思：
    “near”表示接近或靠近某物或某人。

  • 定义：
    形容词：表示距离或时间上接近的状态。
    副词：表示在时间或空间上接近某个点。
    介词：表示在某个地方或时间的旁边或靠近。

  • 词性：
    形容词、副词、介词。

2. 词源与起源：

  • 词源分析：
    “near”源自古英语“nēah”，与德语“nah”和荷兰语“nahe”同源，均表示“靠近”的意思。

  • 历史背景：
    “near”最早可以追溯到公元前1世纪的古英语文献，常用于描述物体或时间的接近。

  • 课本：
    在*的英语教材中，通常出现在小学或初中阶段，例如《新概念英语》系列。在牛津和美国的教材中，常见于初学者的英语书籍中，特别是针对基本词汇的学。

3. 使用场景：

  • 正式与非正式语境：

    • 正式语境：在学术论文或正式演讲中，使用“near”来描述地理位置或时间。例如：“The research facility is located near the university.”（研究设施位于大学附近。）
    • 非正式语境：在日常交流中更为常见，如朋友之间的对话。例如：“I live near the park.”（我住在公园附近。）

  • 特殊场合：

    • 法律：在法律文件中，常用于描述地理位置。例如：“The property is near the boundary line.”（该财产靠近边界线。）
    • 科学：在描述实验条件时，使用“near”来表示接近某个标准或条件。例如：“The temperature was near freezing.”（温度接近冰点。）

4. 示例句子：

  1. The school is near my house.
    这所学校在我家附近。

  2. She stood near the window.
    她站在窗户旁边。

  3. We will arrive near noon.
    我们将在中午时分到达。

  4. The restaurant is near the train station.
    餐厅靠近火车站。

  5. Is there a hospital near here?
    这里附近有医院吗？

*. It’s near impossible to finish this project on time.
按时完成这个项目几乎是不可能的。

  1. The cat is hiding near the bushes.
    猫藏在灌木丛附近。

  2. He lives near the beach.
    他住在海滩附近。

  3. The meeting will take place near the end of the month.
    会议将在本月底举行。

  4. The store is near the corner of the street.
    商店在街角附近。

5. 同义词与反义词：

  • 同义词：

    1. Close：通常表示较小的距离，但也可以用于情感或关系上。
    2. Adjacent：通常指直接相邻的状态，常用于描述位置。

    微小差异：虽然“close”与“near”可以互换使用，但“close”在情感上有更强的亲密感，而“adjacent”则强调物理上的相邻。

  • 反义词：

    1. Far：表示远离，距离上有明显的差异。
    2. Distant：通常用于描述较远的地方或时间，强调遥远。

    区别：这两个词都表示远离，但“far”更常用于具体的距离，而“distant”可以用于抽象的概念，如时间或情感上的距离。

. 学方法：

  • 音标记忆法：
    通过音标 /nɪr/ 来记忆该词，可以结合发音练*，帮助加深对该词的印象。

  • 谐音联想记忆：
    “near”可以与“尼尔”联想，想象一个名叫尼尔的人总是站在你旁边，从而记住“near”的意思。

7. 关联词汇：

  • Near by（附近）、Near future（不久的将来）、Near miss（险些发生的事故）、Near-sighted（近视的）、Near the end（接近结束）。

通过以上分析，用户可以更全面地理解和应用“near”这个词。

【near】例句

1、[PREP] If something is near a place, thing, or person, it is a short distance from them. 离…近

  1. 例：Don't come near me.别靠近我。

  2. 例：He drew his chair nearer the fire.他把他的椅子向炉火拉近了些。

2、[ADV] Near is also an adverb. 靠近

  1. 例：He crouched as near to the door as he could.他蜷缩在尽可能靠近门的地方。

  2. 例：She took a step nearer to the barrier.她向路障走近了一步。

3、[[ADJ n, 'the' ADJ 'of' n]] Near is also an adjective. 靠近的

  1. 例：He collapsed into the nearest chair.他瘫在最近的椅子上。

  2. 例：The nearer of the two barges was perhaps a mile away.两条驳船中较近的一条约有一英里远。

4、[PHRASE] If someone or something is near to a particular state, they have almost reached it. 接近 (某一状态)

  1. 例：After the war, the firm came near to bankruptcy.战后这家公司濒临破产。

  2. 例：The repairs to the Hafner machine were near to completion.哈芙纳牌机器的维修工作已接近尾声。

5、[PREP] Near means the same as near to. 接近

  1. 例：He was near tears.他几乎要流泪了。

  2. 例：For almost a month he lay near death.他半死不活地躺了将近一个月。

6、[PHRASE] If something is similar to something else, you can say that it is near to it. 与…相似

  1. 例：It combined with the resinous cedar smell of the logs to produce a sickening sensation that was near to nausea.它与那些圆木的雪松树脂气味混杂在一起，以产生一种快要呕吐的恶心感觉。

7、[PREP] Near means the same as near to. 与…相似

  1. 例：Often her feelings were nearer hatred than love.她的感情往往更像是恨，而不是爱。

8、[['the' ADJ n 'to' n, 'the' ADJ 'to' n]] You describe the thing most similar to something as the nearest thing to it when there is no example of the thing itself. 与 (某物) 最相似的

  1. 例：It would appear that the legal profession is the nearest thing to a recession-proof industry.看起来司法行业最接近于一种不怕经济衰退的行业。

9、[[书面]] If a time or event draws near, it will happen soon. 临近

  1. 例：The time for my departure from Japan was drawing nearer every day.我离开日本的时间一天天临近了。

10、[PREP] If something happens near a particular time, it happens just before or just after that time. 离 (某一时间) 近

  1. 例：Performance is lowest between 3 a.m. and 5 a.m., and reaches a peak near midday.工作状态凌晨3点到5点最差，近中午时分达到最高点。

  2. 例："Since I retired to this place," he wrote near the end of his life, "I have never been out of these mountains."“自从退休到这里，”他在快到生命尽头时写到，“我从没出过这些山。”

11、[PREP] You use near to say that something is a little more or less than an amount or number stated. 接近于 (某数量或数字)

  1. 例：...to increase manufacturing from about 2.5 million cars a year to nearer 4.75 million.…把轿车年产量从250万辆左右提高到接近475万辆。

12、[[强调]] You can say that someone will not go near a person or thing when you are emphasizing that they refuse to see them or go there. 拒绝与 (某人或某物) 接触

  1. 例：He will absolutely not go near a hospital.他绝不去医院。

13、[[det ADJ n]] Thenear one of two things is the one that is closer. (二者中) 离得近些的

  1. 例：...a mighty beech tree on the near side of the little clearing.…小片林间空地近侧一棵硕大的山毛榉树。

14、[[ADJ n]] You use near to indicate that something is almost the thing mentioned. 差不多的

  1. 例：She was believed to have died in near poverty.人们相信，她死时几乎一贫如洗。

15、[[ADV adj]] Near is also an adverb. 差不多地

  1. 例：...his near fatal accident two years ago.…两年前那场险些让他丧命的事故。

16、[[ADJ n]] In a contest, your nearest rival or challenger is the person or team that is most likely to defeat you. 最接近的 (对手或挑战者)

  1. 例：He completed the lengthy course some three seconds faster than his nearest rival, Jonathon Ford.他比劲敌乔纳松·福特快约三秒钟完成了漫长的赛程。

17、[[no passive]] When you near a place, you get quite near to it. 接近 (地点)

  1. 例：As he neared the stable, he slowed the horse and patted it on the neck.接近马厩时，他让马慢下来并拍拍它的脖子。

18、[[no passive]] When someone or something nears a particular stage or point, they will soon reach that stage or point. 快到 (某个阶段或时间)

  1. 例：His age was hard to guess – he must have been nearing fifty.他的年龄很难猜出来–他肯定快50岁了。

  2. 例：You are nearing the end of your training and you haven't attempted any assessments yet.你们的培训快结束了，而你们还未尝试做过任何评估。

19、[[文学性]] You say that an important time or event nears when it is going to occur quite soon. (重要时刻或事件等) 临近

  1. 例：As half time neared, Hardyman almost scored twice.中场休息临近时，哈迪曼几乎两度得分。

20、[PHRASE] You use near and far to indicate that you are referring to a very large area or distance. 四处

  1. 例：People would gather from near and far.人们会从四面八方聚起来。

21、[PHRASE] If you say that something will happen in the near future, you mean that it will happen quite soon. 在不久的将来

  1. 例：The controversy regarding vitamin C is unlikely to be resolved in the near future.关于维生素C的争论近期不大可能被解决。

22、[[强调]] You use nowhere near and not anywhere near to emphasize that something is not the case. 远不

  1. 例：They are nowhere near good enough.他们远不够好。

  2. 例：It was nowhere near as painful as David had expected.这远远不像大卫预料的那么痛苦。