【against】的翻译、意思

时间: 2024-12-28 13:35:58

【against】怎么读

美：[əˈɡɛnst;əˈɡenst]

英：[ə'genst; ə'geɪnst]

【against】是什么意思、字义解释

1. prep. 反对，违反；靠；倚；防备

2. adj. 不利的；对立的

【against】等级考试

CET4   TEM4   

【against】的详细解释

1. 基本定义

  • 字面意思：Against的字面含义是“反对”或“抵抗”，表示与某人或某事物处于对立或相反的状态。
  • 词性：介词（preposition）。

2. 词源与起源

  • 词源分析：Against源于古英语“onġēan”，由前缀“on-”（表示“在”）和“ġēan”（表示“对面”或“反对”）组成，整体意思为“在对面”或“反对”。

  • 历史背景：该词在英语中的使用可以追溯到公元前900年，主要用于描述抵抗或对抗的状态。

  • 课本：在*的英语教材中，例如《新概念英语》或《剑桥英语》中的中高年级教材中，可能会出现该单词。在牛津和美国的教材中，通常在初中和高中阶段的阅读理解和写作练中涉及。

3. 使用场景

  • 正式与非正式语境：

    • 在正式场合中，"against"常用于法律、政策讨论等，例如：“The law acts against discrimination.”（法律反对歧视。）
    • 在非正式场合中，常用于日常对话，例如：“I’m against going out tonight.”（我反对今晚出去。）

  • 特殊场合：

    • 在法律领域，"against"常用于表示控诉的方向，例如：“The defendant is charged against theft.”（被告被控盗窃。）
    • 在科学领域，可能用于描述实验条件，例如：“The results were measured against a control group.”（结果是相对于对照组测量的。）

4. 示例句子

  1. She stood against the wall waiting for her friend.

    • 她靠着墙等她的朋友。

  2. Many people are against the new policy proposed by the government.

    • 很多人反对政府提出的新政策。

  3. The team played well against their rivals.

    • 这个队在与对手的比赛中表现得很好。

  4. He argued against the motion in the debate.

    • 他在辩论中反对这个提案。

  5. The evidence was presented against him in court.

    • 证据在法庭上被呈现反对他。

*. I am against animal testing for cosmetics.

  • 我反对用于化妆品的动物实验。
  1. She was standing against the current to show her determination.
    • 她迎着水流站立，以展现她的决心。

5. 同义词与反义词

  • 同义词：

    • Opposed to：强调对立的态度。
    • Counter to：表示与某事物相对的立场。
    • In opposition to：强调反对的立场。

  • 反义词：

    • For：表示支持或赞成。
    • In favor of：表示对某事物的支持。

. 学方法

音标记忆法：

  • 通过音标/əˈɡɛnst/来帮助记忆该单词的发音，反复朗读和书写可以加深印象。

7. 关联词汇

  • Against the law：违法。
  • Against all odds：尽管困难重重。
  • Stand against：反对。
  • Go against：违背。

通过以上分析和示例，学*者可以更深入地理解“against”这个单词的用法和含义。

【against】例句

1、[PREP] If one thing is leaning or pressing against another, it is touching it. 靠着 (某物)

  1. 例：She leaned against him.她靠在他身上。

  2. 例：On a table pushed against a wall there were bottles of beer and wine.在靠着墙的一张桌子上有数瓶啤酒和葡萄酒。

2、[PREP] If you are against something such as a plan, policy, or system, you think it is wrong, bad, or stupid. 反对 (某计划、政策、体制等)

  1. 例：Taxes are unpopular – it is understandable that voters are against them.税收是不受欢迎的–选民们反对是可以理解的。

  2. 例：Joan was very much against commencing drug treatment.琼非常反对开始药物治疗。

3、[[ADV after v]] Against is also an adverb. 反对地

  1. 例：The vote for the suspension of the party was 283 in favour with 29 against.就暂时取缔该党而进行的投票结果是283票支持，29票反对。

4、[PREP] If you compete against someone in a game, you try to beat them. (在比赛中) 与 (某人) 对阵

  1. 例：This is the first of two games against Denver in the next five days.这是接下来的５天里两场与丹佛对阵的比赛中的第一场。

5、[PREP] If you take action against someone or something, you try to harm them. 对付 (某人、某事物)

  1. 例：Security forces are still using violence against opponents of the government.保安部队还在使用武力对付反政府者。

6、[PREP] If you take action against a possible future event, you try to prevent it. 防止 (可能发生的事件)

  1. 例：Experts have been discussing how to improve the fight against crime.专家们一直在讨论如何加强打击犯罪的斗争。

7、[PREP] If you do something against someone's wishes, advice, or orders, you do not do what they want you to do or tell you to do. 违背 (某人意愿、建议、命令等)

  1. 例：He discharged himself from the hospital against the advice of doctors.他违背医生们的建议自行出院了。

8、[PREP] If you do something in order to protect yourself against something unpleasant or harmful, you do something that will make its effects on you less serious if it happens. 防备 (令人不快或有害的事物)

  1. 例：Any business needs insurance against ordinary risks such as fire, flood, and breakage.任何企业都需要保险来防备诸如火灾、洪灾和破损等常见风险。

9、[PREP] If something is against the law or against the rules, there is a law or a rule which says that you must not do it. 违反 (法律、规定等)

  1. 例：It is against the law to detain you against your will for any length of time.违反你的意愿拘留你无论多久都是违法的。

10、[PREP] If you are moving against a current, tide, or wind, you are moving in the opposite direction to it. 逆着 (水流、潮流、风等)

  1. 例：...swimming upstream against the current.…逆流向上游。

11、[PREP] If something happens or is considered against a particular background of events, it is considered in relation to those events, because those events are relevant to it. 在 (某事件背景) 下

  1. 例：The profits rise was achieved against a backdrop of falling metal prices.利润的增长是在金属价格下降的背景下取得的。

12、[PREP] If something is measured or valued against something else, it is measured or valued by comparing it with the other thing. 比照 (某事物)

  1. 例：Our policies have to be judged against a clear test: will it improve the standard of education?我们的政策得比照一个明确的检验，即会提高教育水准吗？

13、[[n PREP]] The odds against something happening are the chances or odds that it will not happen. 逆着 (机会、可能性的发生)

  1. 例：The odds against him surviving are incredible.他生还的可能性太小。

14、[[n ADV]] Against is also an adverb. (对机会、可能性的发生) 逆着地

  1. 例：What were the odds against?赔率是多少？

15、[PHRASE] If you have something against someone or something, you dislike them. 以某种原因不喜欢某人、某物

  1. 例：Have you got something against women, Les?你对女性有什么不满吗，莱斯？