【hard】的翻译、意思

时间: 2024-12-29 17:06:31

【hard】怎么读

美：[hɑrd]

英：[hɑːd]

【hard】是什么意思、字义解释

1. adj. 努力的；硬的；困难的；辛苦的；确实的；严厉的；猛烈的；冷酷无情的

2. adv. 努力地；困难地；辛苦地；接近地；猛烈地；牢固地

3. n. (Hard)人名；(英、芬、瑞典)哈德

【hard】等级考试

CET4   TEM4   ( harder, hardest )

【hard】的详细解释

英文单词学*与分析：[hard]

1. 基本定义：

  • 字面意思：该单词的字面含义是“坚硬的”或“难以做到的”。其基本定义为：具有很高的硬度或强度；难以做到或理解的；需要大量努力的。
  • 词性：形容词（adjective），也可作为副词（adverb）使用。

2. 词源与起源：

  • 词源分析：该单词源自古英语“heard”，意为“坚硬、强壮”。其词根与德语“hart”及荷兰语“hard”相关，均有“坚硬”的意思。
  • 历史背景：该词的首次书面使用可以追溯到公元前7世纪的英语诗歌，通常用于描述物质的属性或形容某种困难。

3. 使用场景：

  • 正式与非正式语境：

    • 正式：在学术论文或报告中，可以用来描述实验材料的性质或某种挑战的特点。例如：“The results indicate that the material has hard properties that affect its usability.”（结果表明，该材料具有影响其可用性的坚硬特性。）
    • 非正式：在日常对话中，常用来形容工作或学*的难度。如：“This homework is really hard!”（这项作业真难！）

  • 特殊场合：

    • 法律：在法律文献中，可能用来描述证据的确凿性，例如：“The evidence presented was hard to dispute.”（提出的证据很难反驳。）
    • 科学：在科学研究中，可能用于描述材料的物理特性，例如：“The diamond is the hardest known natural material.”（钻石是已知的最坚硬的自然材料。）

4. 示例句子：

  1. The rock is very hard and cannot be easily broken.（这块石头非常坚硬，无法轻易打破。）
  2. She worked hard to achieve her goals.（她努力工作以实现她的目标。）
  3. It was hard to believe the news at first.（起初很难相信这个消息。）
  4. He gave a hard look when he heard the lie.（他在听到谎言时投去严厉的目光。）
  5. The exam was harder than I expected.（考试比我预期的要难。） *. The hard work paid off with a promotion.（辛勤工作得到了晋升的回报。）
  6. She has a hard time understanding complex concepts.（她在理解复杂概念时很困难。）
  7. The truth can be hard to accept sometimes.（有时候真相是难以接受的。）
  8. The athlete trained hard for the competition.（这位**员为比赛进行了艰苦的训练。）
  9. Hard choices often lead to significant changes.（艰难的选择往往会导致重大的变化。）

5. 同义词与反义词：

  • 同义词：

    • Tough：更强调坚韧性和难度，如在“tough decision”中。
    • Difficult：侧重于完成某事所需的努力程度，如“difficult task”。

  • 反义词：

    • Easy：表示简单或容易的，例如“easy problem”。
    • Soft：表示柔软或不坚硬的，常用于描述材料的特性，如“soft fabric”。

. 学方法：

音标记忆法：

  • 单词“hard”的音标为 /hɑːrd/。可以通过反复听和说这个音节来增强记忆。尝试分解为 /h/（呼气音）加上 /ɑː/（长音）和 /rd/（清音）。

7. 关联词汇：

  • Hard work（艰苦的工作）
  • Hardship（困难）
  • Hardness（坚硬度）
  • Hardship allowance（艰苦地区津贴）
  • Hard facts（硬性事实）

通过上述的分析与学*方法，用户可以更全面地理解和运用“hard”这个单词。

【hard】例句

1、[ADJ] Something that is hard is very firm and stiff to touch and is not easily bent, cut, or broken. 坚硬的

  1. 例：He shuffled his feet on the hard wooden floor.他拖着脚走在坚硬的木地板上。

2、[N-UNCOUNT] hardness 坚硬

  1. 例：He felt the hardness of the iron railing press against his spine.他感觉到硬梆梆的铁栏杆抵住了他的脊梁骨。

3、[ADJ] Something that is hard is very difficult to do or deal with. 困难的

  1. 例：It's hard to tell what effect this latest move will have.很难说最近的这次行动将会有什么样的影响。

  2. 例：That's a very hard question.那是个很难的问题。

4、[[ADV after v]] If you work hard doing something, you are very active or work intensely, with a lot of effort. 努力地

  1. 例：I'll work hard. I don't want to let him down.我会努力工作。我不想让他失望。

5、[[ADJ n]] Hard is also an adjective. 努力的

  1. 例：I admired him as a true scientist and hard worker.我钦佩他是一名真正的科学家和勤奋的工作者。

6、[ADJ] Hard work involves a lot of activity and effort. 费劲的

  1. 例：Coping with three babies is very hard work.照顾3个小宝宝是件很累人的活儿。

  2. 例：...a hard day's work.…一天累人的工作。

7、[[ADV after v]] If you look, listen, or think hard, you do it carefully and with a great deal of attention. 仔细地

  1. 例：He looked at me hard.他仔细地看着我。

8、[ADJ] Hard is also an adjective. 仔细的

  1. 例：It might be worth taking a long hard look at your frustrations and resentments.也许值得对你的挫折感与愤懑做仔细的分析。

9、[[ADV after v]] If you strike or take hold of something hard, you strike or take hold of it with a lot of force. 用力地

  1. 例：I kicked a rubbish bin very hard and broke my toe.我狠狠踢一个垃圾桶，踢破了脚趾头。

10、[[ADJ n]] Hard is also an adjective. 用力的

  1. 例：He gave her a hard push which toppled her backwards into an armchair.他给了她用力的一推，将她向后推倒在一把扶手椅上。

11、[[ADV after v]] You can use hard to indicate that something happens intensely and for a long time. 厉害地

  1. 例：I've never seen Terry laugh so hard.我从没见过特里笑得如此厉害。

12、[ADJ] If a person or their expression is hard, they show no kindness or sympathy. 冷酷无情的

  1. 例：His father was a hard man.他父亲是个冷酷无情的人。

13、[[v-link ADJ 'on' n]] If you are hard on someone, you treat them severely or unkindly. 严厉的

  1. 例：Don't be so hard on him.别对他太严厉。

14、[[ADV after v]] Hard is also an adverb. 严厉地

  1. 例：He said the security forces would continue to crack down hard on the protestors.他说安全部队将继续严厉镇压抗议者。

15、[[v-link ADJ 'on' n]] If you say that something is hard on a person or thing, you mean it affects them in a way that is likely to cause them damage or suffering. 难以忍受的

  1. 例：The grey light was hard on the eyes.昏暗的光线使眼睛很难受。

16、[ADJ] If you have a hard life or a hard period of time, your life or that period is difficult and unpleasant for you. 艰难的

  1. 例：It had been a hard life for her.对她而言，那曾是一段艰难的日子。

17、[N-UNCOUNT] hardness 艰难

  1. 例：In America, people don't normally admit to the hardness of life.在美国，人们通常不承认生活的艰辛。

18、[[ADJ n]] Hard evidence or facts are definitely true and do not need to be questioned. 确凿的

  1. 例：He wanted more hard evidence.他想要更多确凿的证据。

19、[[ADJ n]] Hard drugs are very strong illegal drugs such as heroin or cocaine. 烈性的 (毒品)

  1. 例：He then graduated from soft drugs to hard ones.他随后从服用软性毒品逐步发展到服用烈性毒品。

20、[PHRASE] If you say that something is hard going, you mean it is difficult and requires a lot of effort. 艰难的

  1. 例：The talks had been hard going at the start.会谈在开始时是艰难的。

21、[PHRASE] To be hard hit by something means to be affected very severely by it. 被...严重影响

  1. 例：California's been particularly hard hit by the recession.加利福尼亚受到经济衰退的影响尤为严重。

22、[PHRASE] If someone plays hard to get, they pretend not to be interested in another person or in what someone is trying to persuade them to do. 故意摆谱

  1. 例：I wanted her and she was playing hard to get.我渴望她，她却摆架子。