【on】的翻译、意思

时间: 2025-01-17 09:12:06

【on】怎么读

美：[ɑn]

英：[ɒn]

【on】是什么意思、字义解释

1. adv. 向前地；作用中，行动中；继续着

2. prep. 向，朝……；关于；在……之上；在……时候

3. adj. 开着的；发生着的，正在进行中

4. n. (On)人名；(日)温(姓、名)；(缅、柬、印)翁

【on】等级考试

CET4   TEM4   

【on】的详细解释

英文单词学*与分析：[on]

1. 基本定义

  • 字面意思：表示某物处于某个表面的上方或接触状态，也可以表示某个状态的持续。
  • 词性：介词 (preposition)；在某些情况下也可用作副词 (adverb)。

2. 词源与起源

  • 词源分析：该单词源自古英语“on”，其词根可能与德语“an”和荷兰语“aan”有关，均表示“在……上”或“在……中”。
  • 历史背景：这个词的首次使用可以追溯到公元前7世纪的古英语文献，常常出现在描述位置和状态的上下文中。

3. 使用场景

  • 正式与非正式语境：

    • 正式：在学术论文和正式演讲中常用来描述某种状态或位置。例如，“The research was conducted on the impact of climate change.”（这项研究是关于气候变化影响的。）
    • 非正式：在日常交流中，常用来表达简单的状态或位置，如“Let’s meet on Friday.”（我们星期五见。）

  • 特殊场合：

    • 法律：在法律文件中，常用“on”描述义务或责任的存在。例如，“The defendant was found guilty on all counts.”（被告在所有指控中被判有罪。）
    • 科学：在科学文献中，用于描述实验的条件或环境，如“Experiments were conducted on various species.”（实验是在多种物种上进行的。）

4. 示例句子

  1. The book is on the table.
    这本书在桌子上。

  2. She is working on a new project.
    她正在做一个新项目。

  3. The presentation is scheduled on Monday.
    演讲安排在星期一。

  4. He is focused on his studies.
    他专注于他的学*。

  5. The meeting will take place on Zoom.
    会议将在Zoom上进行。

5. 同义词与反义词

  • 同义词：

    • upon：通常用于较正式的场合，具有类似的意义，但更多用于诗歌或文学中。
    • about：在某些上下文中可以替代，表示主题或相关性，但不完全等同。

  • 反义词：

    • off：表示离开某个表面或状态的相反含义，如“Get off the bus.”（下车。）
    • under：表示在某物的下方，位置上正好相对。

. 学方法

  • 谐音联想记忆：将“on”联想为“安”，即“在某个地方安放”，通过这种发音相似的中文词汇来帮助记忆。

7. 关联词汇

  • 常见搭配：
    • on time（准时）
    • on purpose（故意地）
    • on the way（在路上）
    • on fire（着火）
    • on average（平均而言）

通过上述分析，可以更深入地理解“on”这个词的多种用法和意义，帮助掌握其在英语中的应用。

【on】例句

1、[PREP] If someone or something is on a surface or object, the surface or object is immediately below them and is supporting their weight. (表示接触、支撑) 在…上

  1. 例：He is sitting beside her on the sofa.他正挨着她坐在沙发上。

  2. 例：On top of the cupboards are straw baskets.橱柜顶上是几个草篮子。

2、[PREP] If something is on a surface or object, it is stuck to it or attached to it. (表示粘贴、附着) 在…上

  1. 例：I stared at the peeling paint on the ceiling.我盯着天花板上剥落的油漆。

  2. 例：The clock on the wall showed one minute to twelve.墙上的钟显示11：59。

3、[[ADV after v]] On is also an adverb. 在…上

  1. 例：I know how to sew a button on.我知道怎么缝上扣子。

4、[PREP] If you put, throw, or drop something on a surface, you move it or drop it so that it is then supported by the surface. (表示方向) 到…上

  1. 例：He got his winter jacket from the wardrobe and dropped it on the sofa.他从衣柜里拿出冬天的夹克，把它扔到沙发上。

5、[PREP] You use on to say what part of your body is supporting your weight. 倚在 (身体某部位) 之上

  1. 例：He continued to lie on his back and look at clouds.他继续仰面朝天躺着，看着云彩。

  2. 例：He raised himself on his elbows, squinting into the sun.他用双肘撑起身体，眯起眼睛看着太阳。

6、[PREP] You use on to say that someone or something touches a part of a person's body. 与 (身体某部位) 接触

  1. 例：He leaned down and kissed her lightly on the mouth.他斜下身子，轻轻地吻了她的嘴。

7、[[n PREP n]] If someone has a particular expression on their face, their face has that expression. (表情) 在 (脸) 上

  1. 例：The maid looked at him, a nervous smile on her face.侍女看着他，脸上带着紧张的微笑。

8、[[ADV after v]] When you put a piece of clothing on, you place it over part of your body in order to wear it. If you have it on, you are wearing it. (穿) 上; (戴) 上

  1. 例：He put his coat on while she opened the front door.她打开前门时，他穿上了他的外套。

9、[[PREP pron]] You can say that you have something on you if you are carrying it in your pocket or in a purse. 带在…身上

  1. 例：I didn't have any money on me.我身上一点儿钱也没带。

10、[PREP] If someone's eyes are on you, they are looking or staring at you. (视线) 在…上

  1. 例：Everyone's eyes were fixed on him.大家的目光都锁定在他身上。

11、[PREP] If you hurt yourself on something, you accidentally hit a part of your body against it and that thing causes damage to you. (身体某部位碰撞) 到某物上

  1. 例：Mr. Pendle hit his head on a wall as he fell.彭德尔先生摔倒时，头撞到了墙上。

12、[PREP] If you are on an area of land, you are there. 在 (区域) 上

  1. 例：He was able to spend only a few days on the island.他只能在这个岛上待几天。

  2. 例：You lived on the farm until you came back to America?回美国之前你一直住在农场？

13、[PREP] If something is situated on a place such as a road or coast, it forms part of it or is by the side of it. (坐落) 在…上; 在…旁

  1. 例：Bergdorf Goodman has opened a men's shop on Fifth Avenue.伯格多夫·古德曼在第五大道上开了一家男装店。

  2. 例：The hotel is on the coast.那家宾馆在海边。

14、[PREP] If you get on a bus, train, or plane, you go into it in order to travel somewhere. If you are on it, you are travelling in it. 在 (交通工具) 上

  1. 例：We waited till twelve and we finally got on the plane.我们一直等到12点，终于登上了飞机。

15、[[ADV after v]] On is also an adverb. (登) 上

  1. 例：He showed his ticket to the conductor and got on.他向乘务员出示了车票，就上了车。

16、[PREP] If there is something on a piece of paper, it has been written or printed there. (写或印) 在…上

  1. 例：The writing on the back of the card was cramped but scrupulously neat.卡片背面的字迹密密麻麻，但却工整干净。

17、[PREP] If something is on a list, it is included in it. 在 (名单) 上

  1. 例：I've seen your name on the list of deportees.我已经在被驱逐出境人员名单上见到你的名字了。

18、[PREP] You use on to introduce the method, principle, or system which is used to do something. 以…方式

  1. 例：...a television that we bought on credit two months ago.…我们两个月前以赊购的方式买的一台电视机。

  2. 例：They want all groups to be treated on an equal basis.他们希望所有的族群都能以一种平等的原则受到对待。

19、[PREP] If something is done on an instrument or a machine, it is done using that instrument or machine. 借助 (仪器或机械)

  1. 例：...songs that I could just sit down and play on the piano.…我一坐下来就可以用钢琴弹奏的歌曲。

20、[PREP] If information is, for example, on tape or on computer, that is the way that it is stored. (储存) 在…上

  1. 例：We've got her statement on tape.我们已经把她的陈述录在磁带上了。

21、[PREP] If something is being broadcast, you can say that it is on the radio or television. 通过 (广播、电视) 播出

  1. 例：Every sporting event on television and satellite over the next seven days is listed.未来7天通过电视和卫星转播的每个体育赛事均已列出。

22、[[v-link ADJ]] On is also an adjective. 播出的

  1. 例：...teenagers complaining there's nothing good on.…抱怨没什么好节目播出的青少年。

23、[[v-link ADJ]] When an activity is taking place, you can say that it is on. 正在发生的

  1. 例：There's an exciting match on at Wimbledon right now.有一场精彩的比赛此刻正在温布尔顿正进行着。

24、[[口语]] You use on in expressions such as "have a lot going on" and "not have very much on" to indicate how busy someone is. 用在(have a lot going on)和(not have very much on)中，表示忙碌

  1. 例：I have a lot on in the next week.下星期我会非常地忙。

25、[PREP] You use on to introduce an activity that someone is doing, particularly travelling. 在从事 (旅行等活动) 中

  1. 例：I've always wanted to go on a cruise.我一直想去乘船旅游。

  2. 例：We're going on a trip next month.我们下个月要去旅行。

26、[PREP] You can indicate when something happens by saying that it happens on a particular day, date, or part of the week. 在 (某日)

  1. 例：This year's event will take place on June 19th, a week earlier than usual.今年的比赛将在6月19日进行，比往常提前一个星期。

  2. 例：I was born on Christmas Day.我出生在圣诞节。

  3. 例：The motorway is often lined with cars on the weekend.这条公路在周末常排满了汽车。

27、[[PREP n/-ing]] You use on when mentioning an event that was followed by another one. 在…之后

  1. 例：She waited in her hotel to welcome her children on their arrival from Vancouver.她在旅馆等着迎接将从温哥华回来的孩子们。

28、[[ADV after v]] You use on to say that someone is continuing to do something. (继续) 下去

  1. 例：They walked on in silence for a while.他们默默地继续走了一会儿。

  2. 例：We worked on into the night.我们一直工作到夜里。

29、[['from' n ADV]] You use on in expressions such as from now on and from then on to indicate that something starts to happen at the time mentioned and continues to happen afterward. (从某时) 起

  1. 例：Perhaps it would be best not to see much of you from now on.或许从现在开始最好少和你见面。

  2. 例：We can expect trouble from this moment on.从此时开始，我们可能会有麻烦。

30、[[adv ADV]] You often use on after the adverbs "early," "late," "far," and their comparative forms, especially at the beginning or end of a sentence, or before a preposition. 常用在副词(early)，(late)，(far)及其比较级后，尤置于句子开头、结尾或介词后

  1. 例：The market square is a riot of colour and animation from early on in the morning.这个集市广场从一大早就色彩缤纷，生机勃勃。

  2. 例：Later on I learned how to read music.后来我学会了识谱。

31、[PREP] Books, discussions, or ideas on a particular subject are concerned with that subject. 关于

  1. 例：They offer free counselling on legal matters.他们提供有关法律事务的免费咨询。

  2. 例：He declined to give any information on the presidential election.他拒绝透露有关总统选举的任何信息。

32、[ADV] When something such as a machine or an electric light is on, it is functioning or in use. When you switch it on, it starts functioning. (机器、电器等) 工作着

  1. 例：The light was on and the door was open.灯亮着，门开着。

  2. 例：The heating's been turned off. I've turned it on again.暖气已经被关掉了，我已经又把它打开了。

33、[PREP] If you are on a committee or council, you are a member of it. 是…的成员

  1. 例：Claire and Alita were on the organizing committee.克莱尔和阿利塔都曾是组委会成员。

34、[PREP] Someone who is on a drug takes it regularly. 定期服用

  1. 例：She was on antibiotics for an eye infection that wouldn't go away.她为持续不愈的眼部感染定期服用抗生素。

35、[[v PREP n]] If you live on a particular kind of food, you eat it. If a machine runs on a particular kind of power or fuel, it uses it in order to function. 靠 (某食物为生); 用 (某动力运转)

  1. 例：The caterpillars feed on a wide range of trees, shrubs and plants.毛虫以各种树木、灌木丛和植物为食。

  2. 例：He lived on a diet of water and canned fish.他靠水和罐头鱼为生。

36、[[英国英语]] If you are on a particular income, that is the income that you have. 拥有 (某程度收入)

  1. 例：...young people who are unemployed or on low wages.…失业或低收入的年轻人。

  2. 例：He's on three hundred a week.他每周有300元的收入。

37、[[n PREP n]] Taxes or profits that are obtained from something are referred to as taxes or profits on it. 从某事物中获得 (税收或利润)

  1. 例：...a general strike to protest a tax on food and medicine.…一次抗议对食物和药品征税的大罢工。

38、[[PREP n/-ing]] When you buy something or pay for something, you spend money on it. 为某事物 (花钱)

  1. 例：I resolved not to waste money on a hotel.我决定不因住旅馆浪费钱。

  2. 例：He spent more on feeding the dog than he spent on feeding himself.他养狗花的钱比养自己花的钱还多。

39、[[PREP n/-ing]] When you spend time or energy on a particular activity, you spend time or energy doing it. 在…方面 (花时间或精力)

  1. 例：People complain about how children spend so much time on computer games.人们抱怨孩子怎么花那么多时间玩电脑游戏。

  2. 例：You all know why I am here, so I won't waste time on preliminaries.你们都知道我为什么来这儿，因此我就不浪费时间作介绍了。

40、[PHRASE] If you say that something happens on and on, you mean that it continues to happen for a very long time. 不停地

  1. 例：...designers, builders, fitters – the list goes on and on.…设计师，建筑工，装配工–名单长得没完没了。

  2. 例：Lobell drove on and on through the dense and blowing snow.洛贝尔迎着浓密、纷飞的雪花不停地开车。