【down】的翻译、意思

时间: 2024-12-29 17:59:22

【down】怎么读

美：[daʊn]

英：[daʊn]

【down】是什么意思、字义解释

1. adv. 向下，下去；在下面

2. adj. 向下的

3. n. 软毛，绒毛；[地质] 开阔的高地

4. prep. 沿着，往下

5. vt. 打倒，击败

6. vi. 下降；下去

7. n. (Down)人名；(英)唐

【down】等级考试

CET4   ( downing, downed, downs )

【down】的详细解释

英文单词学*与分析：[down]

1. 基本定义

  • 字面意思：
    • "down"的字面含义是“向下”或“往低处”。它可以表示方向、位置或状态的变化。
  • 词性：
    • 主要词性：副词（adverb）
    • 其他词性：介词（preposition）、形容词（adjective）、名词（noun）

2. 词源与起源

  • 词源分析：

    • "down"源自古英语“dūn”，意为“山丘”或“土丘”。这个词与德语“Düne”（沙丘）相关，体现了低洼之地的概念。

  • 历史背景：

    • 首次使用的历史可以追溯到古英语时期，尤其是在描写地形和方位时。早期文学作品中常见此词，具体的出处较难考证，但其使用可以在古英语诗歌中找到。

  • 课本：

    • 该单词在*的教材中通常出现在小学至初中的英语学中，涉及基本的方向和位置表达。
    • 在牛津及美国的教材中，它会出现在基础英语课程中，适合小学至初中阶段的学*。

3. 使用场景

  • 正式与非正式语境：

    • 在正式语境中，例如商业会议，"down"可以用来描述数据趋势（如“sales are down”）。非正式场合，如朋友之间的对话，可以用“Let’s chill down”表示放松。

    • 引证解释：

    • "The company's profits are down this quarter."（正式）

    • "Let’s just sit down and relax."（非正式）

  • 特殊场合：

    • 在法律领域，"down"可能用来描述惩罚的减少，如“downward departure”。
    • 在科学领域，可能用于描述物理现象，如“the ball rolled down the hill”。

4. 示例句子

  1. The cat jumped down from the shelf.
    （猫从架子上跳了下来。）

  2. Sales have gone down significantly this year.
    （今年销售额大幅下降。）

  3. Please write down your name on the form.
    （请在表格上写下你的名字。）

  4. The sun is going down, and it’s getting dark.
    （太阳下山了，天变黑了。）

  5. I feel down today; I need some cheer.
    （我今天感觉不太好；我需要一些鼓舞。）

*. They live down by the river.
（他们住在河边。）

  1. She looked down at her feet in embarrassment.
    （她因尴尬而低头看着自己的脚。）

  2. The news brought him down.
    （这个消息让他心情低落。）

  3. Can you turn down the volume?
    （你能把音量调低吗？）

  4. The plane went down in the storm.
    （飞机在暴风雨中坠毁。）

5. 同义词与反义词

  • 同义词：

    • downward（向下的）：更强调方向性。
    • lower（更低的）：常用于描述高度。

  • 反义词：

    • up（向上）：用来表示相反的方向或位置。
    • rise（上升）：表示增长或增加的状态。

. 学方法

  • 音标记忆法：

    • 发音为 /daʊn/，可以通过重复发音加深记忆，结合“down”与“downhill”的发音联系，帮助记忆其含义。

  • 谐音联想记忆：

    • 将“down”与中文的“当”联想在一起，想象一个人“当”下去，帮助记忆“向下”的含义。

7. 关联词汇

  • 常用搭配：
    • calm down（镇静下来）
    • turn down（调低）
    • write down（写下）
    • go down（下降）
    • sit down（坐下）

通过以上的分析和学方法，可以帮助学者更好地理解和运用“down”这个词汇。

【down】例句

1、[PREP] To go down something such as a slope or a pipe means to go toward the ground or to a lower level. 沿…而下

  1. 例：We're going down a mountain.我们向山下走去。

  2. 例：A man came down the stairs to meet them.一个男人走下台阶迎接他们。

2、[[ADV after v]] Down is also an adverb. 向下地

  1. 例：She went down to the kitchen again.她又下到厨房去了。

3、[[amount PREP n]] If you are a particular distance down something, you are that distance below the top or surface of it. 在…下方

  1. 例：He managed to cling on to a ledge 40 feet down the rock face.他设法抓住了岩面下方40英尺处的岩脊。

4、[[amount ADV]] Down is also an adverb. 在下方地

  1. 例：At the bottom of the pit, some 1,300 feet down, are huge heaps of ore.在距地面大约一千三百英尺的坑底，有大堆的矿石。

5、[PREP] If you go or look down something such as a road or river, you go or look along it. If you are down a road or river, you are somewhere along it. 沿着

  1. 例：They set off at a jog up one street and down another.他们跑步出发，沿着一条街跑过来又沿另外一条街跑过去。

6、[[ADV after v]] You use down to say that you are looking or facing in a direction that is toward the ground or toward a lower level. 向下

  1. 例：She was still looking down at her papers.她还在低头看着那些纸。

7、[[ADV after v]] If you put something down, you put it onto a surface. (放) 到平面上

  1. 例：Danny put down his glass.丹尼放下他的玻璃杯。

8、[ADV] If an amount of something goes down, it decreases. If an amount of something is down, it has decreased and is at a lower level than it was. 下降

  1. 例：Interest rates came down today.利率今天下降了。

  2. 例：Inflation will be down to three percent.通货膨胀将下降到3%。

9、[PHRASE] Down to a particular detail means including everything, even that detail. Down to a particular person means including everyone, even that person. 甚至包括

  1. 例：The bedroom was an exact replica of the original, perfect right down to the patterns on the wallpaper and the hairbrushes on the dressing table.这间卧室精确地复制了原来的房间，模仿之细甚至连墙纸的图案和梳妆台上的发刷都一模一样。

10、[PHRASE] If you are down to a certain amount of something, you have only that amount left. 只剩下

  1. 例：The poor man's down to his last $5.那个可怜的男人只剩下最后的5美元了。

11、[PHRASE] If someone or something is down for a particular thing, it has been arranged that they will do that thing, or that thing will happen. 被安排做

  1. 例：Mark had told me that he was down for an interview.马克已经告诉我他有个采访。

12、[[美国英语]] If you pay money down on something, you pay part of the money you owe for it. 部分支付

  1. 例：He had a simple, conventional deal and paid 20 percent down at settlement.他做了一笔简单而常规的交易，在结算时预付了20%的定金。

13、[[口语]] If people shout "down with" something or someone, they are saying that they dislike them and want to get rid of them. 打倒

  1. 例：Demonstrators chanted "down with the rebels."游行的人群高呼“打倒叛乱分子！”

14、[[v-link ADJ]] If you are feeling down, you are feeling unhappy or depressed. 情绪不高的

  1. 例：The old man sounded really down.那位老人听起来情绪真的不高。

15、[[v-link ADJ]] If something is down on paper, it has been written on the paper. 记在纸上的

  1. 例：That date wasn't down on our news sheet.该日期没有写在我们的报导里。

16、[[v-link ADJ]] If a piece of equipment, especially a computer system, is down, it is temporarily not working. Compare up. 出故障的; 死机的

  1. 例：The computer's down again.那台电脑又死机了。

17、[V-T] If you say that someone downs food or a drink, you mean that they eat or drink it. 吃下; 喝下

  1. 例：We downed bottles of local wine.我们喝了好几瓶本地酒。

18、[[journalism]] If something or someone is downed, they fall to the ground because they have been hurt or damaged in some way. 击落

  1. 例：A couple of jet fighters were downed during the five-week rebellion.在为期5周的叛乱期间，有两三架喷气式战斗机被击落。

19、[N-UNCOUNT] Down consists of the small, soft feathers on young birds. Down is used to make bed-covers and pillows. 羽绒

  1. 例：... goose down.…鹅绒。

20、[N-UNCOUNT] Down is very fine hair. 绒毛

  1. 例：The whole plant is covered with fine down.整株植物上长满了绒毛。