【punishment】的翻译、意思
时间: 2025-01-01 10:07:14【punishment】怎么读
美:['pʌnɪʃmənt]
英:['pʌnɪʃm(ə)nt]
【punishment】是什么意思、字义解释
1. n. 惩罚;严厉对待,虐待
【punishment】的详细解释
英文单词学*与分析:[punishment]
1. 基本定义
- 字面意思:Punishment指的是对某种不当行为或罪行的惩罚或制裁,目的是为了纠正或威慑。
- 词性:名词 (noun)
2. 词源与起源
-
词源分析:
- 该词源自于拉丁语“punire”,意为“惩罚”,其词根“pun-”与“punishment”中的“pun”相同,表示惩罚或处罚。
- 后缀“-ment”表示行为或状态,构成名词形式。
-
历史背景:Punishment一词最早在12世纪的英语中出现,通常用来描述对罪犯或不当行为者施加的惩罚。
-
课本:
- 在**教材中,如《新概念英语》可能在初中或高中阶段出现。
- 在牛津英语教材和美国教材中,通常在高中英语课程中出现,尤其是在学*法律和道德等主题时。
3. 使用场景
-
正式与非正式语境:
- 在正式语境中,如法律文件、教育政策中使用,通常强调法律和道德责任。例如:“The judge imposed a severe punishment on the offender.”(法官对罪犯施加了严厉的惩罚。)
- 在非正式语境中,可能用于日常对话,如家庭教育中:“If you don’t do your homework, you will face punishment.”(如果你不做作业,你将面临惩罚。)
-
特殊场合:
- 在法律领域,punishment通常指法院裁定的刑罚,如监禁、罚款等。例句:“The punishment for theft can include imprisonment.”(盗窃的惩罚可能包括监禁。)
- 在心理学中,punishment指对不良行为的负面后果,目的是减少此行为的发生。
4. 示例句子
-
The punishment for cheating on the exam is expulsion from school.
考试作弊的惩罚是被学校开除。 -
Some believe that harsh punishment does not deter crime effectively.
有人认为严厉的惩罚并不能有效地威慑犯罪。 -
The punishment was designed to rehabilitate rather than simply to punish.
该惩罚旨在进行改造,而不仅仅是惩罚。 -
Children should understand that punishment is a consequence of their actions.
孩子们应该明白,惩罚是他们行为的后果。 -
In some cultures, corporal punishment is still accepted as a method of discipline.
在一些文化中,体罚仍被视为一种纪律方法。
*. The new law introduced harsher punishments for violent crimes.
新法律对暴力犯罪引入了更严厉的惩罚。
-
He received a fair punishment for his wrongdoing.
他因错误行为受到了公正的惩罚。 -
Punishment can sometimes lead to resentment rather than improvement.
惩罚有时会导致怨恨,而不是改进。
5. 同义词与反义词
-
同义词:
- Penalty:通常指法律或规章制度下的惩罚,侧重于后果。
- Discipline:强调教育和训练的过程,可能不那么严格。
-
反义词:
- Reward:指对良好行为的奖励,强调正面强化。
- Forgiveness:意味着对错误行为的宽恕,与惩罚相反。
. 学方法教学
- 词根记忆法:
- 通过分析“punish”和“-ment”,可以理解punishment的基本含义。关注“pun”作为惩罚的核心概念,有助于记忆。
7. 关联词汇
- 常与之搭配的词汇:
- Capital punishment(死刑)
- Punishment system(惩罚体系)
- Physical punishment(体罚)
- Severe punishment(严厉惩罚)
- Legal punishment(法律惩罚)
通过以上分析,可以更全面地理解和使用“punishment”这个词。
【punishment】例句
1、[N-UNCOUNT] Punishment is the act of punishing someone or of being punished. 惩罚
例:...a group that campaigns against the physical punishment of children.…一个发起运动反对体罚儿童的组织。
2、[N-VAR] A punishment is a particular way of punishing someone. 处罚方式
例:The government is proposing tougher punishments for officials convicted of corruption.该政府正在提议对被判贪污罪的官员予以更严厉的处罚。
3、[N-UNCOUNT] You can use punishment to refer to severe physical treatment of any kind. 虐待; 糟蹋
例:Don't expect these boots to take the punishment that gardening will give them.别指望这样的靴子能经得起园艺活儿的糟蹋。